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Translations

Documenting how we handle translations in the code

We use react-intl to manage our translations. They are extracted from the code to src/lang/${locale}.json files using the npm run build:langs command (CI will notify you if the translation files are outdated). Don't translate the strings directly in the files, we use Crowdin to manage our translatations.
Good practices
Use "select" when a value has a limited number of options
Example
<FormattedMessage
    id="withSelect"
    defaultMessage="{action, select, delete {Delete this} archive {Archive this} other {Do something with this}}"
    values={{ action: 'delete' }}
/>
​
// => "Delete this"
​
<FormattedMessage
    id="withSelect"
    defaultMessage="{action, select, delete {Delete this} archive {Archive this} other {Do something with this}}"
    values={{ action: 'eat' }}
/>
​
// => "Do something with this"
defaultMessage string breakdown:
action variable name
select keyword
delete and archive possible values
other all other values will use this key
An exception to this rule: very common enums or the ones with many possible values should be implemented as a separate file listing all values because:
Re-usability
A map of translations is easier to read than a long select string with tons of options
See i18n-member-role as an example.
Don't assume word's order stays the same in other languages
The order of the words may change from a language to another. For this reason we must always pass the values to be replaced in values so their order can later be changed.
Example
// Bad
<div>
    <FormattedMessage id="str" defaultMessage="Pending approval from " />
    <Link route={`/${host.slug}`}>{host.name} </Link>
</div>
​
// Good
<div>
    <FormattedMessage 
        id="str" 
        defaultMessage="Pending approval from {host}" 
        values ={{ 
          host: <Link route={`/${host.slug}`}>{host.name} </Link>
        }}
    />
</div>
Translate links inline
In some parts of the code we translate links like this:
// Please don't do that!
<FormattedMessage
  id="ReadTheDocs"
  defaultMessage="Please check our {documentationLink} to learn more!"
  values={{
    documentationLink: (
      <a href="https://docs.opencollective.com">
        <FormattedMessage id="documentation" defaultMessage="documentation" />
      </a>
    ),
  }}
/>
This is bad because we're creating two strings and translators loose the context when they translate one. You should do this instead:
<FormattedMessage
  id="ReadTheDocs"
  defaultMessage="Please check our <link>documentation</link> to learn more!"
  values={{
    // eslint-disable-next-line react/display-name
    link: msg => <a href="https://docs.opencollective.com">{msg}</a>,
  }}
/>
FormattedMessage
The FormattedMessage component is the main way to translate strings. To use it, you just need to add the following import:
import { FormattedMessage } from 'react-intl'
Then you just add the component with an unique id and a defaultMessage.
For VSCode users, you can use the following snippet to make your life easier:
{
  "Formatted Message (react-intl)": {
    "scope": "javascript",
    "prefix": "formatted-message",
    "body": "<FormattedMessage id=\"$TM_FILENAME_BASE.$0\" defaultMessage=\"$1\"/>",
    "description": "Put the given string in a FormattedMessage"
  }
}
Add a new language
Add the language on Crowdin
Go to https://crowdin.com/project/opencollective/settings#translations, click on Target languages pick the language and click Update 
Language is ready for translation!
Activate the language in the code
To activate a language on the website, we usually wait to have a correct translated ratio (20-30%).
You will need to:
Copy paste the last line in frontend/scripts/translate.js (replace it with your locale code)
translate('it', defaultMessages, diff.updated);
Add the locale in src/components/Footer.js for the languages object

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